Graphene, a two-dimensional and single atomic thick plane, is the building unit of graphite. Since the discovery of free-standing graphene, Its unique properties have been attracted more attention for application in various areas such as field effect transistors, sensors, and electro mechanical resonators, electrode material so energy-related devices.

Existing battery technologies use lithium salts and organic carbonates as the electrolyte solution. In electric vehicles, car makers must install extra protection to ensure the battery is not ruptured in the event of a collision and avoid leakage of liquid electrolyte. That protection adds a significant amount of weight to the vehicle which reduces its overall environmental performance.